3A The beginnings

In this lesson you will:

learn new vocabulary related to historic and cultural background;
listen to a text about the history of Britain and check your understanding;
read a text about Stonehenge and check your understanding;
revise the forms of the Present Simple Passive;
learn the forms of the Past Simple Passive;
talk about a historical site.

In your notebook, match the words with the pictures. Then go to the next slide and check your answers.

Flip the cards, listen, check and repeat.

standing stone
/ˈstændɪŋ stəʊn/
менхир

stone circle
/ˌstəʊn ˈsɜːkl/
каменен кръг

artefact
/ˈɑːtɪfækt/
артефакт

mural
/ˈmjʊərəl/
стенопис

tomb
/tuːm/
надгробен камък

settlement
/ˈset(ə)lmənt/
селище

Важно!

ГОДИНИ Пишем и произнасяме годините по следния начин: 1066 ten sixty-six 1605 sixteen oh five 1776 seventeen seventy-six 1900 nineteen hundred 2000 (the year) two thousand 2001 two thousand and one ИЛИ twenty oh one Не произнасяме думата ‘year’ след числото!
ДАТИ
1. Казваме датите по два начина, например: 15 September: the fifteenth of September (BrE), September (the) fifteenth (AmE)
2. Когато пишем дата с цифри, използваме наклонени черти, а не точки, например 3/11/89. NB! Не пишем нула пред единично число. 3. В американския английски месецът се поставя пред датата, например 5/3/20 е 5^th March във Великобритания и 3^rd May в САЩ. 4. BC (Before Christ) означава „преди Христа“. Поставя се след датата и се превежда като „преди новата ера/преди Христа (пр.н.е./пр.Хр.)“. Със същия смисъл може да се използва и съкращението BCE (Before Common Era). AD (Anno Domini) означава „в годината на Бог“. Поставя се преди датата и се превежда като „от новата ера/след Христа (от н.е/сл. Хр.)“. Със същото значение може да се използва съкращението CE (Common Era).
ИМЕНА НА МОНАРСИ Сигурно сте забелязали, че монарсите често имат едни и същи имена. За да не ги бъркаме, ги наричаме с техните имена и добавяме римски цифри. Например пишем Henry VIII, а изговаряме Henry the eighth.

Listen and fill in the years on the timeline in
your notebook. Then go to the next slide and
check your answers.

Check your answers.

Listen again and say true or false.
Correct the false statements.
Click the buttons and check your answers.

True

False. The Prehistoric period ended with the arrival of the Romans.

False. The Prehistoric people were skilled builders.

True

False. The word England comes from the language of the Anglo-Saxons.

True

How did the Romans change Britain?
Watch the video and write down at least
three things the Romans brought to Britain.

Read the text about Stonehenge and choose
the correct answers. Click the buttons and
check your answers.

The construction of Stonehenge started in about 3000 BC.

The inner circle was constructed first.

The monument was completed 3,500 years ago.

How the bluestones were transported is still a mystery.

It is certain that Stonehenge was used as a burial ground.

TEEN ZONE – UNIT 3 STONEHENGE CLOZE TEST

How was Stonehenge created? Watch the video and write down the names of at least three instruments used in the construction of the monument.

Read the Refresh Your Memory box and answer the questions. Flip the card and check your answers.

The sentences are passive. We form the present simple passive with is/are + past participle of the verb.

Study the examples. Then read the rules.

Try to translate the passive forms into Bulgarian. What tenses and forms do we use?
Flip the card and check your answers.

Stonehenge was used as a burial site.
The bluestones were placed in a circular form.

В зависимост от контекста на български превеждаме по следните начини: Стоунхендж e използван като място за погребения.
(със сегашно историческо време, изявително наклонение) Стоунхендж бил използван като място за погребения.
(минало време, преизказно наклонение) Сините камъни са подредени в кръг.
(със сегашно историческо време, изявително наклонение) Сините камъни били подредени в кръг.
(минало време, преизказно наклонение)

Важно!

We use the passive when we are more interested in the action than in the doer. Sometimes we want to mention the doer of the action. Then we add by + the person or thing at the end of the sentence.

Watch the video about the passive. Why do we use it?

In your notebook, complete the sentences with
the correct form of the verb: active or passive.
Flip the cards and check your answers.

build
1. The Normans … impressive castles. 2. Windsor Castle … by William the Conqueror.

1. The Normans built impressive castles. 2. Windsor Castle was built by William the Conqueror.

occupy
1. Britain … by the Romans in 43 AD. 2. Emperor Claudius … Britain in 43 AD.

1. Britain was occupied by the Romans in 43 AD. 2. Emperor Claudius occupied Britain in 43 AD.

rule
1. The Tudor kings and queens … England from 1485 to 1603. 2. England … by five Tudor monarchs.

1. The Tudor kings and queens ruled England from 1485 to 1603. 2. England was ruled by five Tudor monarchs.

Watch the short videos below and choose a historical site from the pictures. Ask and answer in pairs.

1. When was it built? 2. Who was it built by? 3. What materials were used? 4. What was it used for?

Kazanlak tomb

The ancient Thracian city of Perperikon

Now you can:

understand texts about the historical and cultural background of Britain;
use the Past Simple Passive correctly;
describe a historical site.